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来源：盈彩手机版2024-07-25 17:48

【漫画】“格式化”等于彻底删除文件？NO！NO！NO！******

　　万物互联时代，个人隐私信息遭到泄露的原因有很多，但有一种情况很常见却也容易被忽视，那就是电脑重要文件或数据删除不彻底，导致别有用心之人轻易便能恢复。

　　或许有人会说，格式化一下不就可以了吗？

　　也许你不知道，windows系统并不会删除文件，就算清空回收站或格式化，也只是在系统上重新分配它，即文件仍存在于你的系统中，但不再能访问。只要没有其他文件将它覆盖，文件就会完好如初，就可以被很多数据恢复软件恢复。

　　那么，如何彻底删除文件呢？接下来就告诉你，文件擦除是什么，以及它和文件删除之间的区别。

【漫画】“格式化”等于彻底删除文件？NO！NO！NO！

　　文件删除

　　删除文件时，文件会从其现有文件系统的索引位置消失并移动到用户无法访问的另一个文件索引位置。删除的文件移动到新目录后，你的计算机会释放空间来存储新文件。当新文件存储在该空间中时，先前删除的文件将被新文件覆盖并因此被消除。在此之前，可以通过专用的数据恢复软件轻松发现和恢复删除的文件。

　　文件擦除

　　擦除是消除文件，是不可恢复的操作。文件在擦除过程中会被软件写入数据覆盖。其中，包含随机垃圾数据。覆盖可以进行一次或多次，覆盖后，文件变得不可读，这使数据恢复软件无法恢复文件。

　　擦除是一种公认的从硬盘中擦除数据的方法，也是确保硬盘中数据清理的最有效和最全面的方法。

　　为什么文件擦除很重要？

　　如上所述，删除和擦除之间存在根本区别在于删除只是将文件隐藏，而擦除则是完全破坏它，使其无法恢复。

　　当你丢弃/租赁/出售硬盘等存储设备时，擦除就变得十分重要，因为并不希望已删除的数据被恢复。如果只是简单地进行删除或格式化系统处理，将面临严重的隐私问题。这些存储设备的再次拥有者可以随时运行数据恢复软件并恢复敏感数据。

　　由此可见，采用安全的数据清理软件定期擦除敏感数据，不仅是一种良好的数据卫生习惯，也能保护个人隐私信息不被泄露，不让数据泄露成为“隐私之殇”。

　　光明网、安天科技联合出品

　　策划/编辑：雷渺鑫李飞

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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.